Aim: Working out algorithm of diagnostics and treatment of patients with distocclusion.
Material and Methods: 45 adults (age 15-40) with distocclusion were divided into 4 groups depending on presence and character of TMJ complains. Clinical, TMJ axiografia, cephalometrics of X-ray and MRT were carried out.
Results: Before treatment 84,4% of patients had clinical signs of TMJ disfunction, 48,8% of them did not have complains. Patients demonstrated increasing dynamic of mandibular head deformation and dislocation, changes in subchondral compact plates, default of mandibular mobility; changes at disk location and structure, limited reposition, degenerative changes in bilaminary zone; chewing muscles asymmetry.
According to MRT at 4,5 % of patients changes of spongy substance structure and subchondral compact plate of mandiblar head not revealed on X-ray have been visualised.
After treatment TMJ positive changes demonstrated: normalisation of mandibular head location (27,8-33,3 %), tendency to it’s forward location (42,2-50 %); normalisation of mandibular mobility (66,7-77,8 %) and disk location (50 %); disks reposition; muscle function normalisation (27,8 %). The probability of occurrence of positive changes and their expressiveness in different groups varied and was defined by primary expressiveness of intraarticulate changes.
Conclusion: After orthodontic treatment using Herbst-modification appliance and elastopositioners at 91,1 % was clinically observed and show TMJ improvement which was expressed in reduction of painful sensations in joints, reduction of articulate noise and increase in amplitude and smoothness of movements of low jaw. МRТ is informative method of diagnostics of TMJ dysfunction allowing to study as bone, and soft tissues joint elements.