Introduction: Any injury to the TMJ in growing individuals causes alterations of growth at condylar level, mandibular morphology and maxillary development. Consequently, a flow of related growth changes results in a characteristic lower face morphology and in one of the most difficult acquired abnormalities to treat concerning function, aesthetics and stability.
Aim: In an experimental study where the growth of the mandible affected by a pathological condition in the TMJ was considered, similarities were found to the complex of growth disturbances in humans. The aim is to introduce the understanding from the animal study to the clinical handling of the dentofacial anomaly caused by TMJ pathology.
Results: Recovery and growth of the condyle is potential and in the aspect of treating the deformity this is an important ability. During the period of inhibited condylar growth it is essential to avoid the collapse of the occlusal plane, muscles and soft tissue. For this purpose an orthopedic appliance can be used. Before growth starts to cease the necessary elongation of the ramus can be obtained by bone distraction taking advantage of the development of the dentoalveolar area.
Conclusion: A combined treatment with orthopedic appliance and bone distraction offers an important treatment option in cases with abnormal development caused by TMJ pathology.